Insights

The temporary U.S.–China tariff suspension is a clear step forward, lowering effective tariff rates to more manageable levels. But uncertainty remains, especially for small businesses and the direction of future negotiations. Sentiment-based “soft” data continues to fall sharply, while hard economic indicators remain resilient.

While we typically use April Musings to recap the first quarter, the events since March 31 have been too significant to ignore—most notably, the newly implemented tariffs and their potential ripple effects on the economy and markets.

Investors anticipated tax cuts and deregulation after the election but overlooked the full impact of tariffs, which are now unsettling business planning and sentiment. While uncertainty can slow economic growth, history shows that geopolitical events rarely cause recessions—thus the risk of a major bear market is low.

Trade tensions have escalated significantly with new US tariffs imposed on imports from Canada, China, and potentially, the EU. While the longer-term impact is uncertain, the administration’s goals appear to be increasing tariff revenue and reducing the trade deficit. Despite some concerns from companies, the broader economic effect will likely be limited if US economic growth remains strong.

The U.S. economy led global growth in 2024, fueled by a strong labor market, easing inflation, and resilient consumer finances. These key factors underscore continued growth and support an optimistic economic outlook for the year ahead.

Consumer balance sheets remain healthy, with manageable debt levels and ample room for further spending to support economic growth. Coupled with a relatively young economic cycle, this suggests continued room for expansion in 2025.

The Fed cut rates again as it seeks to deliver a “soft landing”, balancing inflation and economic growth. Historically, easing monetary policy amid market highs has been a bullish signal, with stocks averaging 15% gains in past instances. Looking ahead, the Fed projects a median Fed funds rate of 3.4% by the end of 2025, suggesting a gradual pace of rate reductions over the next year.

In Q3, most asset classes, including stocks and bonds, saw strong gains, driven by expectations of lower interest rates and diminishing recession risks. Notable trends included a rebound in small-cap stocks, a boost for international markets due to a weaker dollar, and the best quarter for bonds this year. Meanwhile, commodities lagged due to declining oil prices.